raycasting/level.cpp

#include "level.h"	

#include "maths.h"

#define WIDTH  10
#define HEIGHT 10

static float castRay(sf::Vector2f point, float direction, TileData* tileData);
static void getGridIndex(sf::Vector2f point, int* x, int* y);

static unsigned int level[WIDTH * HEIGHT] = {
	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
	1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1,
	1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 1,
	1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1,
	1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 3, 0, 1,
	1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1,
	1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 1,
	1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1,
	1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1,
	1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
};

int level_init()
{
	return 1;
}

void level_update(sf::RenderTarget* renderTarget, unsigned int drawSize)
{
	if (!renderTarget) return;
}

void level_end()
{
	return;
}

float level_rayCast(sf::Vector2f point, float direction, TileData* tileData)
{
	if (!tileData) return -1.f;
	return castRay(point, direction, tileData);
}

void level_getDimensions(unsigned int* width, unsigned int* height)
{
	*width = WIDTH;
	*height = HEIGHT;
}

unsigned int level_getGridValue(unsigned int x, unsigned int y)
{
	if (x < 0 || WIDTH <= x) return 0;
	if (y < 0 || HEIGHT <= y) return 0;

	return level[y * HEIGHT + x];
}

static float castRay(sf::Vector2f point, float direction, TileData* tileData)
{
	int indexX, indexY;
	getGridIndex(point, &indexX, &indexY);

	// The horizontal* and vertical* variables correspond to variables, that
	// are used to calculate the horizontal and vertical grid intersection points
	// respectively. The horizontal and vertical grid intersections are done 
	// separately.
	// 
	// The *Dy and *Dx variables are the deltas to the nearest grid boundary.
	//
	// The *StepX and *StepY variables are the regular x and y steps from the 
	// initial boundary intersection along the ray.
	//
	// The *ProjectedX and *ProjectedY variables are projected coordinates of the 
	// grid intersections along the ray.
	// 
	// The *DistCoeff variables store the coefficient of sin(direction) used to 
	// calculate distance travelled along the ray, without having to do extra
	// calls to sin(), as the direction doesn't change.
	direction = maths_modulo(direction, 2.0f*PI); // modulo to keep the angle between 0 and 2 PI radians
	bool goingDown = direction < PI;
	int signDown = goingDown? 1 : -1;

	float horizontalDy = (float)(indexY + goingDown) - point.y;
	float horizontalDx = horizontalDy/tan(direction);

	float horizontalStepX = ((float)signDown * (1.f/tan(direction)));
	float horizontalStepY = (float)signDown;
	float horizontalProjectedX = point.x + horizontalDx;
	float horizontalProjectedY = indexY + goingDown;

	float horizontalDistCoeff = sin(direction);
	float horizontalRayDist = std::abs(horizontalDy/horizontalDistCoeff);

	direction = maths_modulo(direction + 0.5f*PI, 2.0f*PI); // rotate angle by 90 degrees for ease of calaculation
	bool goingRight = direction < PI;
	int signRight = goingRight? 1 : -1;

	float verticalDx = (float)(indexX + goingRight) - point.x;
	float verticalDy = -verticalDx/tan(direction); // y axis needs to be flipped 

	float verticalStepY = -((float)signRight * (1.f/tan(direction))); // y axis also flipped here
	float verticalStepX = (float)signRight;
	float verticalProjectedY = point.y + verticalDy;
	float verticalProjectedX = indexX + goingRight;

	float verticalDistCoeff = sin(direction);
	float verticalRayDist = std::abs(verticalDx/verticalDistCoeff);

	unsigned int tries = WIDTH * HEIGHT;
	while (tries--) {
		int indexX0, indexY0; // store grid indices for horizontal intersections
		int indexX1, indexY1; // store grid indices for vertical intersections
		getGridIndex(sf::Vector2f(horizontalProjectedX, horizontalProjectedY), &indexX0, &indexY0);
		getGridIndex(sf::Vector2f(verticalProjectedX,   verticalProjectedY),   &indexX1, &indexY1);

		// If the ray going up or to left, the intersection points will give an index 
		// of the cells below or to the right of the cell boundaries. For those cases, 
		// the appropriate indices will be reduced by one.
		indexY0 -= !goingDown;
		indexX1 -= !goingRight;

		bool inLevel0 = indexX0 != -1 && indexY0 != -1;
		bool inLevel1 = indexX1 != -1 && indexY1 != -1;

		if (!(inLevel0 || inLevel1)) break; 

		if (horizontalRayDist < verticalRayDist) {
			unsigned int gridValue = level[indexY0 * WIDTH + indexX0];
			if (gridValue) {
				tileData->value = gridValue;
				tileData->side = goingDown? NORTH : SOUTH;
				tileData->horizontalUV = 0.f;
				return horizontalRayDist;
			}

			horizontalProjectedX += horizontalStepX;
			horizontalProjectedY += horizontalStepY;

			horizontalRayDist += std::abs(horizontalStepY/horizontalDistCoeff);
		}
		else {
			unsigned int gridValue = level[indexY1 * WIDTH + indexX1];
			if (gridValue) {
				tileData->value = gridValue;
				tileData->side = goingRight? WEST : EAST;
				tileData->horizontalUV = 0.f;
				return verticalRayDist;
			}

			verticalProjectedX += verticalStepX;
			verticalProjectedY += verticalStepY;

			verticalRayDist += std::abs(verticalStepX/verticalDistCoeff);
		}
	};

	return 1000.f;
}

static void getGridIndex(sf::Vector2f point, int* x, int* y)
{
	*x = point.x;
	*y = point.y;

	if (*x < 0 || WIDTH <= *x) *x = -1;
	if (*y < 0 || HEIGHT <= *y) *y = -1;
}